Swaps the elements in a pair.

swap ( 1, 2 ) --> ( 2, 1 )

The maximum safe value for an integer, defined as 2^53 - 1. Anything larger than that and behaviour becomes mathematically unsound.

maxSafeInteger + 1 --> maxSafeInteger + 2

The minimum safe value for an integer, defined as -(2^53 - 1). Anything smaller than that, and behaviour becomes mathematically unsound.

minSafeInteger - 1 --> minSafeInteger - 2

Checks if a given integer is within the safe range, meaning it is between -(2^53 - 1) and 2^53 - 1.

isSafeInteger 5 --> True


isSafeInteger maxSafeInteger --> True


isSafeInteger (maxSafeInteger + 1) --> False

Defines an upper bound for a variable.

42 |> atMost 0 --> 0


-42 |> atMost 0 --> -42

Defines a lower bound for a variable.

-42 |> atLeast 0 --> 0


42 |> atLeast 0 --> 42

Perform floating-point division (like Elm's / operator) that will never crash the app. If the y argument in safeDivide x y is zero, we return Nothing.

safeDivide 5 2 --> Just 2.5


-- the interesting part
safeDivide 5 0 --> Nothing

Perform integer division (like Elm's // operator) that will never crash the app. If the y argument in safeIntegerDivide x y is zero, we return Nothing.

safeIntegerDivide 5 2 --> Just 2


-- the interesting part
safeIntegerDivide 5 0 --> Nothing

Perform modular arithmetic that will never crash the app. If the modulus argument in safeModBy modulus x is zero, we return Nothing.

safeModBy 2 4 --> Just 0


safeModBy 2 5 --> Just 1


-- the interesting part
safeModBy 0 4 --> Nothing

Use safeRemainderBy for a different treatment of negative numbers, or read Daan Leijen’s Division and Modulus for Computer Scientists for more information.

Get the remainder after division in a way that will never crash the app. If the divisor argument in safeRemainderBy divisor x is zero, we return Nothing.

safeRemainderBy 2 4 --> Just 0


safeRemainderBy 2 5 --> Just 1


-- the interesting part
safeRemainderBy 0 4 --> Nothing

Use safeModBy for a different treatment of negative numbers, or read Daan Leijen’s Division and Modulus for Computer Scientists for more information.

Perform modular arithmetic involving floating point numbers.

The sign of the result is the same as the sign of the modulus in fractionalModBy modulus x.

fractionalModBy 2.5 5 --> 0


fractionalModBy 2 4.5 == 0.5


fractionalModBy 2 -4.5 == 1.5


fractionalModBy -2 4.5 == -1.5

Convert standard Elm angles (radians) to degrees.

inDegrees (turns 2) --> 720


inDegrees pi --> 180

Convert standard Elm angles (radians) to radians.

inRadians (degrees 90) == pi / 2


inRadians (turns 1) == 2 * pi

Convert standard Elm angles (radians) to turns. One turn is equal to 360°.

inTurns (degrees 180) == 0.5


inTurns (3 * pi) == 1.5

Flip the order of the first two arguments to a function.

Change how arguments are passed to a function. This splits paired arguments into two separate arguments.

Change how arguments are passed to a function. This combines two arguments into a single pair.